<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If-Statements<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Looping<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Switches<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Defer, Panic, and Recover<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Pointers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" If-Statements If-Statements: – Initializers: Allows you to generate a statement to set-up for a comparison – Variables in an if-statement are block-scoped – Comparison operators (primarily for numeric types): – less-than (<) – greater-than (>) – less-than-or-equal-to (<=) – greater-than-or-equal-to (>=) – double-equals operator (==) – not-equals operator (!=) – Logical operators: – And (&&) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/553","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=553"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/553\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":633,"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/553\/revisions\/633"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=553"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/melfaeforest.xhere.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}If-Statements:\n- Initializers: Allows you to generate a statement to set-up for a comparison\n- Variables in an if-statement are block-scoped\n- Comparison operators (primarily for numeric types):\n - less-than (<)\n - greater-than (>)\n - less-than-or-equal-to (<=)\n - greater-than-or-equal-to (>=)\n - double-equals operator (==)\n - not-equals operator (!=)\n \n\n- Logical operators:\n - And (&&)\n - Or (||)\n - Not (!)\n\n- Short Circuiting: Where Go-Lang skips comparison calculations\n - It chains tests with logical operators for an outcome\n - If an Or (||) operate evaluates a test to be True, it stops the comparison there\n - If an And (&&) operate evaluates a test to be False, it stops the comparison there\n\n- Equality & Floats: Better convert those floats because they don't play nice with comparisons!<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
func main() {\n ygoDetails := map[string]string {\n \"Name\": \"Xie\",\n \"DeckName\": \"Manipulstring\",\n \"Dimension\": \"Xyz Dimension\",\n }\n\n \/\/ Example #1\n if true {\n fmt.Println(\"The test is true!\")\n }\n\n\n \/\/ Example #2\n if pop, ok := ygoDetails[\"Name\"]; ok {\n fmt.Println(pop)\n }\n \/\/ Below line of code will cause an error because variables are block-scoped\n \/\/ fmt.Println(pop)\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\nLoops:\n- For statements: Simple l00ps:\n - for initializer; test; increment {}\n - for test {}\n - for {}\nNOTE: The iteration variables in a loop are scoped to that block\n\n- Exiting early:\n - break (breaks out of a loop entirely)\n - continue (skips an interation of a loop)\n - labels (Allows you to use break out from an outer loop)\n\n- Looping over collections:\n - Arrays, slices, maps, strings, and channels can be looped through\n - NOTE: Channels are a special case\n - \"for k, v := range collection {}\" to get the key\/value of an item in a collection\n - Use \"_\" (underscore) as a throwaway variable to get EITHER the key\/value<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\/\/ Example 1: Basic loop\nfunc main() {\n for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {\n fmt.Println(i)\n }\n\n \/\/ You can also change the increment value\n for i := 0; i < 5; i = i+2 {\n fmt.Println(i)\n }\n\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\/\/ Example 2: Having the initializer be outside the loop\n\/\/ NOTE: You still need the first semi-colon when you do this\nfunc main() {\n i := 0\n for ; i < 5; i++ {\n fmt.Println(i)\n }\n\n\/\/ You can go further and put the incremental in the loop itself\n\/\/ If you do, and you remove the initalizer too, you can remove the semi-colons completely\n i = 0\n for i < 10 {\n fmt.Println(i)\n i++\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\/\/ Example 3: Simplifying EVERYTHING\nfunc main() {\n i = 0\n for {\n fmt.Println(i)\n i++\n\t\t\n \/\/ WARNING: Without this break checker, this loop will run forever\n if i == 5 {\n break\n }\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\/\/ Example 4: Continuing on\nfunc main() {\n for i := 10; i < 20; i++ {\n if i%2 == 0 {\n continue\n }\n fmt.Println(i)\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\/\/ Example 5: LABEL IT\nfunc main() {\nLoop:\n for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {\n for j := i; j <= 3; j++ {\n fmt.Println(i * j)\n if i * j >= 3 {\n break Loop\n }\n }\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n- Initializers: Allows you to generate a statement to set-up for a comparison\n - Switching on a tag\n - Cases with multiple tests\n - There can be NO OVERLAP in testing cases\n - Switches with no tags\n - There CAN be overlap in testing cases\n - The first case that evaluates to True gets used if there is overlap\n\n - Fallthrough keyword\n - While most other languages have explicit breaks and implicit fallthrough,\n - Go has the reverse: Implicit breaks and explicit fallthroughs\n - Keep in mind that using fallthrough will execute anything below it, regardless of any calculations\n- Type switches: To get the underlying types<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Example #1\nfunc main() {\n switch 5 {\n case 1:\n fmt.Println(\"one\")\n case 2:\n fmt.Println(\"two\")\n default:\n fmt.Println(\"not one or two\")\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\/\/ Example #2\nfunc main() {\nswitch 5 {\n case 1, 5, 10:\n fmt.Println(\"one, five, or ten\")\n case 2, 4, 6:\n fmt.Println(\"two, four, or six\")\n default:\n fmt.Println(\"another number\")\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\/\/ Example #3\nfunc main() {\nswitch i := 2 + 4; i {\n case 1, 5, 10:\n fmt.Println(\"one, five, or ten\")\n case 2, 4, 6:\n fmt.Println(\"two, four, or six\")\n default:\n fmt.Println(\"another number\")\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\/\/ Example #4: Tagless syntax\nfunc main() {\n i := 10\n switch {\n case i <= 10:\n fmt.Println(\"less than or equal to ten\")\n\n \/\/ Will force the below case to execute regardless of logic\n \/\/ fallthrough\n case i <= 20:\n fmt.Println(\"less than or equal to twenty\")\n default:\n fmt.Println(\"greater than twenty\")\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\/\/ Example #5: Type switching\nfunc main() {\n var e interface{} = 1 \/\/ An int\n switch e.(type) {\n case int:\n fmt.Println(\"e is an int\")\n case float64:\n fmt.Println(\"e is a float64\")\n case string:\n fmt.Println(\"e is string\")\n default:\n fmt.Println(\"e is another type\")\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\nDefer:\n- Used to delay execution of a statement until function exits\n- Useful to group \"open\" and \"close\" functions together\n - Be careful in loops\n- Runs in LIFO (last-in, first-out) order\n- Arguments evaluated at time defer is executed, NOT at time of called function is executed\n\nPanic:\n- Occurs when program cannot continue at all\n - Don't use when file can't be opened, unless it is critical\n - Use for unrecoverable events - I.E cannot obtain TCP port for web server\n- Function will stop executing\n - Deferred functions will still fire\n- If nothing handles panic, program will exit\n\nRecover:\n- Used to recover from panics\n- Only useful in deferred functions\n- Current function will not attempt to continue, but higher functions in call stack will<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\nCreating pointers:\n- Pointer types use an asterisk (*) as a prefix to type pointers to\n - I.E *int - a point to an integer\n- Use to addressof operator (&) to get the address of a variable\n\nDe-referencing pointers:\n- De-reference a pointer by preceding with an asterisk (*)\n- Complex types (I.E structs) are automatically de-referenced\n\nCreate pointers to objects:\n- Can use the addressof operator (&) if value type already exists\n - ms := myStruct{foo: 42}\n - p := &ms\n- Use addressof operator before initializer\n - &myStruct{foo: 42}\n- Use new<\/strong> keyword\n - Can't initialize fields at the same time\n\nTypes with internal pointers:\n- All assignment operations in Go are copy operations\n- Slices and maps contain internal pointers, so copies point to same underlying data<\/pre>\n\n\n\n